Acute respiratory diseases are the leading cause of child morbidity and demand for health care. Acute respiratory diseases are the main cause of child morbidity and demand for health care. In the world of a year of pneumonia and other respiratory diseases 4 million children die.
These are the most common disease for which parents may seek medical attention. It is necessary to know the signs of these diseases and procedures that can be implemented without professional medical help when a situation is to be found. What is the situation in our country due to the knowledge of parents about this disease?Unfortunately, more research on this topic conducted in our country has shown that parents do not know the basic signs of respiratory disease and the measures they should take.
These are the most common disease for which parents may seek medical attention. It is necessary to know the signs of these diseases and procedures that can be implemented without professional medical help when a situation is to be found. What is the situation in our country due to the knowledge of parents about this disease?Unfortunately, more research on this topic conducted in our country has shown that parents do not know the basic signs of respiratory disease and the measures they should take.
It is important to know the basic symptoms of respiratory illness so we can easily distinguish between the more serious diseases.
Body temperature
Change in body temperature is a general symptom of many diseases including respiratory diseases. To measure the body temperature is used special tape and a thermometer. Strip temperature is measured on the forehead or hand. Better and more accurate measurement with a thermometer. Traditionally used a mercury thermometer that measures body temperature in the colon (usually in young children), armpits (for larger children) or under the tongue (not recommended for children because children are able to bite a thermometer), a special thermometer to measure temperature in the ear.
Body temperature was measured in the large intestine (rectum)
36-37, normal degrees C body temperature
38-39 degrees C medium high body temperature above
39 degrees C higher body temperature
Body temperature may be below 36 degrees C. This condition is called hypothermia (hypothermia), and a sign of serious illness.
Symptoms of respiratory illness:
• Coughing - should pay attention to the beginning, type, duration and frequency of cough. Characteristics of the cough assist the right diagnosis of disease that is caused by coughing. Is the cough started suddenly from full health or develop gradually over several days, if dry, an irritation, hard cough, which annoys the child or moist cough that dij when you coughed up or swallowed sputum, the cough lasts for several hours or several days or even weeks and, if dij you cough at night, all day long or a bit in the attacks. All these are data that need attention.
• sore throat and / or ear - these are often associated pain (concomitant throat and ear infections). Less child earache reveals cry, touching and painful ear to our cries touch the ear.
• rapid and / or difficulty breathing - an important element in assessing the child's illness. Shortness of breath caused by anxiety and fear of the child, after physical activities such as, for example. run, but in cases of severe respiratory disease which causes lack of oxygen and increased concentrations of carbon dioxide in the blood.
Number of breaths depends on the age of the child.
Normal respiratory rate at rest (sleep) are:
from birth to 2 months. 50-60 breaths per minute
2-12 months. about 40 breaths per minute
preschool age about 30 breaths per minute
school age about 20 breaths per minute
Wheezing occurs with respiratory diseases. It is important to undress the child and watched closely to see changes such as feeding the lower chest, međurebrenih space areas spoon, hole under the door and natključnih pits on the inhale. Often occurs and the expansion of the nostrils, head nodding and grunting.
• was rapidly (pulse) - heart rate depends on the age of the child. Children's heart beats very simple parents can monitor your pulse rate (a). Pulse is usually measured on the inside of the forearm down to the place where the artery runs along the radius bone. It can be measured and the environment outside of the door or at the temple.Normal child's heart rate are:
neonatal age of 120-140 beats per minute
infant age of 100-120 beats per minute
preschool age 80-100 beats per minute
school age 60-90 beats per minute
Higher heart rate is present at elevated temperatures, fear, excitement. There are conditions that are accompanied by a lower frequency than normal.
+ Color - it is common for a child with a fever is red in the face, it does not need to worry. Pallor or gray outer skin are signs that warn of the serious illness of a child.
+ Bluish lips or skin - suggests a lack of oxygen in the blood. Sign of the difficult airway or heart disease.
+ Okrajine cold (hands, feet) with high body temperature - a sign of circulation redistribution in internal organs and brain. May indicate a circulation of about this - the situation is life threatening.
+ Convulsions (seizures) - in some children may occur at high temperatures, but even without it. It is apparent spasmodic jerks of the arms and legs, the child usually loses consciousness, has a stark view, sometimes foam at the mouth. Sign of increased excitability of the central nervous system.
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