Hey baby has mature sucking reflex and searching lips and can begin feeding immediately after birth. If the child is placed on the mother's chest in the delivery room, meals usually starts within four hours of birth.
The first day of life is normal puking and vomiting mucus. If it takes longer, the doctor or nurse may gently rinse the rest of mucus by introducing the probe through the nose to the stomach.
In neonates who were fed some milk substitutes (artificial food, "formula"), vomiting may be due to a milk allergy. Then you can apply some milk that does not produce allergies. If that does not help, the doctor still looking for the causes vomiting. In infants fed breast cause vomiting should seek the roadblock that prevents gastric emptying. On human milk allergy does not occur.
Newborn wet diaper six to eight times a day. In addition, a chair every day for the first few weeks, nourishing crying skin nucleus has a strong sucking reflex. These are all signs that your child gets enough food, or breast milk substitutes, and this is supported by the increase of body weight. Prolonged sleep between meals usually indicates a sufficient amount of food, even in the children fed breast is not always the case. Therefore, infants breast doctor regularly to monitor perceived food you enough.
ARTIFICIAL NUTRITION
(Bottle feeding)
In the newborn to be bottle fed for the first meal given sterile water, to test the reflexes of sucking and swallowing, because the water will not harm the child with a feeding disorder. If the child does not return water to the next meal can give milk substitutes. The maternity ward is considered sufficient feeding babies every four hours.
Formula is adequate caloric and vitamin content is available in sterile bottles of 120 ml. The mother should not try to kid each meal drink a whole bottle, but as much as you want. The amount of food should be gradually increased during the first week of 30 ml or 60 ml to 90 ml or 120 ml six times a day.
In the first year of life are more suitable preparations adapted milk (commercial formula) than cow's milk.Although cow's milk is bad food for infants, poor in iron, which is important for the development of red blood cells. You give daily multivitamin drops containing vitamins A, C and D infants on artificial or natural diet during the first year of life and during the second winter in cold areas where children are little exposed to the sun, and the activation of vitamin D is limited. In areas where tap water is not fluoridated, feeds can be added fluoride.
Children on artificial diet in warm weather or when in a hot, dry environment between meals should be offered water. Sometimes the child is inappropriate foods must dohraniti intravenously. In this case, the doctor searches for the causes of malnutrition.
NATURAL NUTRITION
(Breastfeeding)
Breast milk is the ideal food for a baby. In addition to providing essential nutrients in the most appropriate form for digestion and absorption, breast milk contains antibodies and white blood cells (leukocytes), which protect the baby from infection. Breast milk is best regulated by acidity and intestinal flora, thus protecting the baby from bacterial diarrhea. Because of this protective role, children who are breastfed less frequently suffer from infectious diseases than children on artificial diet.
Meals on the chest has benefits for the mother, for example. provides intimate contact with the mother, her child, what can not be done with bottle feeding. First of mature breast milk is secreted rare yellow liquid called colostrum. Colostrum is rich in calories, proteins and antibodies. These antibodies are particularly valuable as they successfully absorbed from the stomach. The child gets protection from infection against which his mother has developed antibodies.
Mother's nipples do not require special preparation before breast-feeding. Hand express breast milk before birth can lead to a breast infection (mastitis) or even premature birth. Area nipple and areola are naturally prepared to suck secretion podmazujućeg protective layer. This protection does not need to be removed.
For a woman who planned to breast feed the baby may be useful to talk to a woman who has successfully breastfed her baby. Observation of nursing mothers and pressing the apprentice confessed can be very instructive and encouraging.
For a successful breastfeeding mother is comfortably placed in a relaxed position, and can be quite lie flat and rotate it from side to side giving the child both breasts. The child sat opposite her mother that holds her breast with your thumb and index finger from above, and other fingers below the nipple and gently touches the baby's lower lip. This encourages the child to open his mouth and latch. Mother helps child put in his mouth the entire nipple and areola which prevents damage to the nipples. When you want to stop breastfeeding mother finger gently pressed the baby's chin, and so break the suction.
At first the child was fed on each breast for a few minutes. While sucking the mother's milk is helping to create, from scratch to be avoided too suck. Sore nipples caused by improper position of the nipple in the mouth of a child during suckling and it is easier to prevent than to treat. On the other hand, the milk depends on the total duration of breastfeeding. Breastfeeding gradually extended until it reached sufficient milk production. It is considered appropriate to ten minutes on the first breast and then the other until the child is satisfied.
For the first child to create a full milk supply is expected within 72-96 hours. For the next Children should be shorter. If the mother after delivery of the first night exhausted, a meal at 2am it can be replaced with water. Yet the distance between the first day of meals must not be longer than 6 hours. Breastfeeding is better to implement the child's wishes but according to the calendar. Similarly, the duration of each feeding should be adapted to the child's needs.
Mother to her child, especially if the first, for 7-10 days after birth should take a doctor to assess whether breastfeeding successfully and mother needed advised.
The frequent occurrence of the first days of breastfeeding is breast tumescence (become clogged). This can be avoided by frequent feedings. The pain can be reduced by wearing a comfortable bra 24 hours a day.Pumping under a warm shower can also reduce tension. Before feeding mother sometimes has to manually express milk a small amount of milk to enable the child to cover his mouth swollen areola. However, over-pumping in between meals can cause painful constant overcrowding and mother to express milk when her only that overcrowding creates considerable discomfort.
Inappropriate position of the child in the chest causing damage to the nipples. Child nipple sometimes catches lower lip and sucking it, is irritating. In this case the mother of the thumb releases the lower lip of a child. After feeding nipples should be kept dry and should not be deleted or rinse. Mother can optionally nipples dry hair dryer on a low heat. In a very dry environment warts can be spread hypoallergenic lanolin cream or neutral. We should not avoid nipple shields in my bra.
Mother in lactation need special diets, particularly rich in calcium. Dairy products are an excellent source of calcium, but if the mother can not stand, can successfully replace the nuts and green leafy vegetables.Optionally calcium can be taken in the form of a peroral preparation. Vitamin is not necessary if the diet is well balanced, and is particularly important enough vitamins C and B6, and B12. It should be noted that the average American diet is low in vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 vegetarian diet.
The separation of the child from the breast depends on the needs and desires of both mother and child.Breastfeeding is considered desirable at least six months. The gradual separation from the breast for a few weeks or months, it is easier for the mother and for the child, rather than abrupt cessation of breastfeeding.
The separation usually means introducing stiffer food, so instead of 8-10 feedings a day, stiffer food given to three times a day, and the number of feedings gradually decreased. At the age of seven months, a bottle or a glass of fruit juice, milk or expressed breast milk substitutes, we should replace one breastfeed a day.Drinking from a cup is an important developmental range, and can be completely overcome by the age of 10 months. Some children are tied to one or two meals a chest until the age of 18-24 months. The child has to eat solid foods and drink from a cup, and when it feeds on the chest.
Introducing solids
Time of introduction of solid foods is determined by the child's needs and willingness to accept it. In general, babies do not need solid food before six months of age, although it can smooth swallow of 3 or 4months. Ingestion of solid food may be earlier, if you put a bite on the back of the tongue, but the babies are usually rejected. Some parents give their infants large amounts of solid food to sleeping over night. It sometimes does this desired effect, forcing solid foods too early can lead to problems later in the diet. Many babies take solid food after a meal or bottle feeding, making them quickly solve hunger, while it is not denied the satisfaction of feeding.
From solid food is first applied jednovrsne grains (avoids mixed), and then introduces the fruit and it also one by one species, and then the vegetables. Hypersensitivity to food will be easier to define if the infant gives some new food over a few days. Solids is given a spoon to master a new technique of infant nutrition.
Many commercial preparations of baby food, especially baby food and soup mixture containing much starch. Starch does not contain any vitamins or minerals, is highly caloric and infant difficult to digest.Some finished preparations of baby food with a high content of sodium, more than 200 milligrams per serving. The composition of each mixture was highlighted in a box. Fragmented food prepared at home is cheaper and more comprehensive source of quality nutrition.
The meat should be introduced later, after 7 months of age, then he should be given priority over food rich in sugars, because babies need a lot of protein. However, many infants refuses meat, so it should be introduced with great care. How many children are allergic to wheat, eggs and chocolate, should be avoided to a year. Honey should also be avoided until the age of one year, because it can contain spores of Clostridium botulinum in infants can cause botulism, while in older children and adults safe.
The first day of life is normal puking and vomiting mucus. If it takes longer, the doctor or nurse may gently rinse the rest of mucus by introducing the probe through the nose to the stomach.
In neonates who were fed some milk substitutes (artificial food, "formula"), vomiting may be due to a milk allergy. Then you can apply some milk that does not produce allergies. If that does not help, the doctor still looking for the causes vomiting. In infants fed breast cause vomiting should seek the roadblock that prevents gastric emptying. On human milk allergy does not occur.
Newborn wet diaper six to eight times a day. In addition, a chair every day for the first few weeks, nourishing crying skin nucleus has a strong sucking reflex. These are all signs that your child gets enough food, or breast milk substitutes, and this is supported by the increase of body weight. Prolonged sleep between meals usually indicates a sufficient amount of food, even in the children fed breast is not always the case. Therefore, infants breast doctor regularly to monitor perceived food you enough.
ARTIFICIAL NUTRITION
(Bottle feeding)
In the newborn to be bottle fed for the first meal given sterile water, to test the reflexes of sucking and swallowing, because the water will not harm the child with a feeding disorder. If the child does not return water to the next meal can give milk substitutes. The maternity ward is considered sufficient feeding babies every four hours.
Formula is adequate caloric and vitamin content is available in sterile bottles of 120 ml. The mother should not try to kid each meal drink a whole bottle, but as much as you want. The amount of food should be gradually increased during the first week of 30 ml or 60 ml to 90 ml or 120 ml six times a day.
In the first year of life are more suitable preparations adapted milk (commercial formula) than cow's milk.Although cow's milk is bad food for infants, poor in iron, which is important for the development of red blood cells. You give daily multivitamin drops containing vitamins A, C and D infants on artificial or natural diet during the first year of life and during the second winter in cold areas where children are little exposed to the sun, and the activation of vitamin D is limited. In areas where tap water is not fluoridated, feeds can be added fluoride.
Children on artificial diet in warm weather or when in a hot, dry environment between meals should be offered water. Sometimes the child is inappropriate foods must dohraniti intravenously. In this case, the doctor searches for the causes of malnutrition.
NATURAL NUTRITION
(Breastfeeding)
Breast milk is the ideal food for a baby. In addition to providing essential nutrients in the most appropriate form for digestion and absorption, breast milk contains antibodies and white blood cells (leukocytes), which protect the baby from infection. Breast milk is best regulated by acidity and intestinal flora, thus protecting the baby from bacterial diarrhea. Because of this protective role, children who are breastfed less frequently suffer from infectious diseases than children on artificial diet.
Meals on the chest has benefits for the mother, for example. provides intimate contact with the mother, her child, what can not be done with bottle feeding. First of mature breast milk is secreted rare yellow liquid called colostrum. Colostrum is rich in calories, proteins and antibodies. These antibodies are particularly valuable as they successfully absorbed from the stomach. The child gets protection from infection against which his mother has developed antibodies.
Mother's nipples do not require special preparation before breast-feeding. Hand express breast milk before birth can lead to a breast infection (mastitis) or even premature birth. Area nipple and areola are naturally prepared to suck secretion podmazujućeg protective layer. This protection does not need to be removed.
For a woman who planned to breast feed the baby may be useful to talk to a woman who has successfully breastfed her baby. Observation of nursing mothers and pressing the apprentice confessed can be very instructive and encouraging.
For a successful breastfeeding mother is comfortably placed in a relaxed position, and can be quite lie flat and rotate it from side to side giving the child both breasts. The child sat opposite her mother that holds her breast with your thumb and index finger from above, and other fingers below the nipple and gently touches the baby's lower lip. This encourages the child to open his mouth and latch. Mother helps child put in his mouth the entire nipple and areola which prevents damage to the nipples. When you want to stop breastfeeding mother finger gently pressed the baby's chin, and so break the suction.
At first the child was fed on each breast for a few minutes. While sucking the mother's milk is helping to create, from scratch to be avoided too suck. Sore nipples caused by improper position of the nipple in the mouth of a child during suckling and it is easier to prevent than to treat. On the other hand, the milk depends on the total duration of breastfeeding. Breastfeeding gradually extended until it reached sufficient milk production. It is considered appropriate to ten minutes on the first breast and then the other until the child is satisfied.
For the first child to create a full milk supply is expected within 72-96 hours. For the next Children should be shorter. If the mother after delivery of the first night exhausted, a meal at 2am it can be replaced with water. Yet the distance between the first day of meals must not be longer than 6 hours. Breastfeeding is better to implement the child's wishes but according to the calendar. Similarly, the duration of each feeding should be adapted to the child's needs.
Mother to her child, especially if the first, for 7-10 days after birth should take a doctor to assess whether breastfeeding successfully and mother needed advised.
The frequent occurrence of the first days of breastfeeding is breast tumescence (become clogged). This can be avoided by frequent feedings. The pain can be reduced by wearing a comfortable bra 24 hours a day.Pumping under a warm shower can also reduce tension. Before feeding mother sometimes has to manually express milk a small amount of milk to enable the child to cover his mouth swollen areola. However, over-pumping in between meals can cause painful constant overcrowding and mother to express milk when her only that overcrowding creates considerable discomfort.
Inappropriate position of the child in the chest causing damage to the nipples. Child nipple sometimes catches lower lip and sucking it, is irritating. In this case the mother of the thumb releases the lower lip of a child. After feeding nipples should be kept dry and should not be deleted or rinse. Mother can optionally nipples dry hair dryer on a low heat. In a very dry environment warts can be spread hypoallergenic lanolin cream or neutral. We should not avoid nipple shields in my bra.
Mother in lactation need special diets, particularly rich in calcium. Dairy products are an excellent source of calcium, but if the mother can not stand, can successfully replace the nuts and green leafy vegetables.Optionally calcium can be taken in the form of a peroral preparation. Vitamin is not necessary if the diet is well balanced, and is particularly important enough vitamins C and B6, and B12. It should be noted that the average American diet is low in vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 vegetarian diet.
The separation of the child from the breast depends on the needs and desires of both mother and child.Breastfeeding is considered desirable at least six months. The gradual separation from the breast for a few weeks or months, it is easier for the mother and for the child, rather than abrupt cessation of breastfeeding.
The separation usually means introducing stiffer food, so instead of 8-10 feedings a day, stiffer food given to three times a day, and the number of feedings gradually decreased. At the age of seven months, a bottle or a glass of fruit juice, milk or expressed breast milk substitutes, we should replace one breastfeed a day.Drinking from a cup is an important developmental range, and can be completely overcome by the age of 10 months. Some children are tied to one or two meals a chest until the age of 18-24 months. The child has to eat solid foods and drink from a cup, and when it feeds on the chest.
Introducing solids
Time of introduction of solid foods is determined by the child's needs and willingness to accept it. In general, babies do not need solid food before six months of age, although it can smooth swallow of 3 or 4months. Ingestion of solid food may be earlier, if you put a bite on the back of the tongue, but the babies are usually rejected. Some parents give their infants large amounts of solid food to sleeping over night. It sometimes does this desired effect, forcing solid foods too early can lead to problems later in the diet. Many babies take solid food after a meal or bottle feeding, making them quickly solve hunger, while it is not denied the satisfaction of feeding.
From solid food is first applied jednovrsne grains (avoids mixed), and then introduces the fruit and it also one by one species, and then the vegetables. Hypersensitivity to food will be easier to define if the infant gives some new food over a few days. Solids is given a spoon to master a new technique of infant nutrition.
Many commercial preparations of baby food, especially baby food and soup mixture containing much starch. Starch does not contain any vitamins or minerals, is highly caloric and infant difficult to digest.Some finished preparations of baby food with a high content of sodium, more than 200 milligrams per serving. The composition of each mixture was highlighted in a box. Fragmented food prepared at home is cheaper and more comprehensive source of quality nutrition.
The meat should be introduced later, after 7 months of age, then he should be given priority over food rich in sugars, because babies need a lot of protein. However, many infants refuses meat, so it should be introduced with great care. How many children are allergic to wheat, eggs and chocolate, should be avoided to a year. Honey should also be avoided until the age of one year, because it can contain spores of Clostridium botulinum in infants can cause botulism, while in older children and adults safe.
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